Under the newly fleshed-out details, Washington will maintain high tariffs on vehicles imported from the bloc until the E.U. takes steps to lower its levies on many American products.
Ships carrying Chinese cars are using the Red Sea and Suez Canal even as other vessels still sail around Africa in fear of attacks by the Houthi militia.
Ford, which once had a lead on other established automakers, said on Monday that it will use new materials and methods to lower the costs of electric vehicles.
President Trump and Republicans in Congress are eliminating federal incentives to buy electric vehicles, but carmakers need to keep selling and investing in them.
Lawyers for the family of a woman struck and killed by a Tesla sedan in 2019 argued that the company’s Autopilot software should have avoided the crash.
The German automaker said U.S. import duties erased about $1.5 billion from its profit in the first half of the year, and it lowered its forecasts for the full year.
President Trump’s 15 percent tariff on cars from Japan has angered U.S. automakers, which make cars in Canada and Mexico subject to 25 percent tariffs.